Such measures are critical to holding Moscow accountable for its actions — but they are not a longterm fix and must be carefully calibrated. From the beginning of the crisis sanctions have been assumed to be both the central deterrent to Russian aggression, and the critical punishment if it violated …

How Putin’s Aggression Is Changing Berlin Within a week, Germany has undergone a dramatic transformation, shedding its reluctant and dovish foreign policy and committing itself to drastically increase defense spending. The shock of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine spurred Berlin to send thousands of antitank and antiaircraft weapons …

Anceps fortuna belli (The fate of war is uncertain) – Cicero (106-43BCE) A Facebook friend asked me to write something on the Ukraine crisis for his page in Q & A form. Q: Briefly, what is the recent historical background to this conflict? A: The 2014 coup d’état in Ukraine …